Yes/No	Hai/Iie
Please	Onegai shimass
Do you speak English ?	Eigo o hanasemass-ka ?
Excuse me/sorry	Sumimasen (*1)
My name is X	Watashi no namae wa X desu (*2)
I've reserved a room	Yoyaku shitemasu
Kuidaore	The civilised practice of bankrupting oneself through sheer gluttony
Hello	Konnichiwa
Don't give up	Gambatte kudassai
Master/Beginner	Sempai/Kohai
Death through overwork	Karooshi
Thank you	(Domo) Arigato (gozaimass) (*3)
Good bye	Sayonara
Enough	Jubun desu
How do you do ?	Hajimemashite
My name is X	Watashi no namae wa X desu
Mahlzeit	Itadakimasu
Where is X	X wa doko desuka ?
Toilet	Otearai/Keshoshitsu
Taxi	Takushi
Train	Densha
Left/Right/Straight on	Migi/Hidari/Massugu
Arnold Schwarzenegger	Arnodu Schwa

*1 note that the "u" is sometimes pronounced
*2 and sometimes it isn't

*3 three of dozens of levels of politeness. In an otherwise wonderfully simple language (no genders, no declinations, not even plurals !) they have added enourmous complexity by distinguishing linguistically whether a man or a woman is speaking, whether the person spoken to is a man or a woman, a superiour to an inferiour, an old person to a young one etc.. That and the amazing writing (3 alphabets in parallel !) make sure any simplicity is entirely removed.